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Management of Agitation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has radically altered delivery of care in emergency settings. Unprecedented hardship due to ongoing fears of exposure and threats to personal safety, along with societal measures enacted to curb disease transmission, have had broad psychosocial impact on patients and healthcare workers alike. These changes can significantly affect diagnosing and managing behavioral emergencies such as agitation in the emergency department. On behalf of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry, we highlight unique considerations for patients with severe behavioral symptoms and staff members managing symptoms of agitation during COVID-19. Early detection and treatment of agitation, precautions to minimize staff hazards, coordination with security personnel and psychiatric services, and avoidance of coercive strategies that cause respiratory depression will help mitigate heightened risks to safety caused by this outbreak
Do Girls and Boys Perceive Themselves as Equally Engaged in School? The Results of an International Study from 12 Countries
This study examined gender differences in student engagement and academic
performance in school. Participants included 3420 students (7th, 8th, and 9th
graders) from Austria, Canada, China, Cyprus, Estonia, Greece, Malta, Portugal,
Romania, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The results
indicated that, compared to boys, girls reported higher levels of engagement in
school andwere rated higher by their teachers in academic performance. Student
engagement accounted for gender differences in academic performance, but
gender did not moderate the associations among student engagement, academic
performance, or contextual supports. Analysis of multiple-group structural
equation modeling revealed that perceptions of teacher support and parent
support, but not peer support, were related indirectly to academic performance
through student engagement. This partial mediation model was invariant across
gender. The findings from this study enhance the understanding about the
contextual and personal factors associated with girls' and boys' academic
performance around the world
A comprehensive description of multiple observables in heavy-ion collisions at SPS
Combining and expanding on work from previous publications, a model for the
evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the CERN SPS for 158
AGeV beam energy is presented. Based on the assumption of thermalization and a
parametrization of the space-time expansion of the produced matter, this model
is able to describe a large set of observables including hadronic momentum
spectra, correlations and abundancies, the emission of real photons, dilepton
radiation and the suppression pattern of charmonia. Each of these obervables
provides unique capabilities to study the reaction dynamics and taken together
they form a strong and consistent picture of the evolving system. Based on the
emission of hard photons, we argue that a strongly interacting, hot and dense
system with temperatures above 250 MeV has to be created early in the reaction.
Such a system is bound to be different from hadronic matter and likely to be a
quark-gluon plasma, and we find that this assumption is in line with the
subsequent evolution of the system that is reflected in other observables.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figures, submitted to J. Phys.
The Glueball Spectrum from a Potential Model
The spectrum of two-gluon glueballs below 3 GeV is investigated in a
potential model with dynamical gluon mass using variational method. The short
distance potential is approximated by one-gluon exchange, while the long
distance part is taken as a breakable string. The mass and size of the radial
as well as orbital excitations up to principle quantum number n=3 are
evaluated. The predicted mass ratios are compared with experimental and lattice
results.Comment: Revtex, 6 pages with 1 eps figur
Dynamics of Hot Bulk QCD Matter: from the Quark-Gluon Plasma to Hadronic Freeze-Out
We introduce a combined macroscopic/microscopic transport approach employing
relativistic hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the
reaction and a microscopic non-equilibrium model for the later hadronic stage
where the equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this approach
we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter, which is expected to be created
in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions at the SPS, the RHIC and the LHC.
Our approach is capable of self-consistently calculating the freeze-out of the
hadronic system, while accounting for the collective flow on the hadronization
hypersurface generated by the QGP expansion. In particular, we perform a
detailed analysis of the reaction dynamics, hadronic freeze-out, and transverse
flow.Comment: 55 pages, 15 figure
Internet-based medical education: a realist review of what works, for whom and in what circumstances
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
Tandem quadruplication of HMA4 in the zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator noccaea caerulescens
Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulation may have evolved twice in the Brassicaceae, in Arabidopsis halleri and in the Noccaea genus. Tandem gene duplication and deregulated expression of the Zn transporter, HMA4, has previously been linked to Zn/Cd hyperaccumulation in A. halleri. Here, we tested the hypothesis that tandem duplication and deregulation of HMA4 expression also occurs in Noccaea. A Noccaea caerulescens genomic library was generated, containing 36,864 fosmid pCC1FOSTM clones with insert sizes ~20â40 kbp, and screened with a PCR-generated HMA4 genomic probe. Gene copy number within the genome was estimated through DNA fingerprinting and pooled fosmid pyrosequencing. Gene copy numbers within individual clones was determined by PCR analyses with novel locus specific primers. Entire fosmids were then sequenced individually and reads equivalent to 20-fold coverage were assembled to generate complete whole contigs. Four tandem HMA4 repeats were identified in a contiguous sequence of 101,480 bp based on sequence overlap identities. These were flanked by regions syntenous with up and downstream regions of AtHMA4 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Promoter-reporter b-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion analysis of a NcHMA4 in A. thaliana revealed deregulated expression in roots and shoots, analogous to AhHMA4 promoters, but distinct from AtHMA4 expression which localised to the root vascular tissue. This remarkable consistency in tandem duplication and deregulated expression of metal transport genes between N. caerulescens and A. halleri, which last shared a common ancestor >40 mya, provides intriguing evidence that parallel evolutionary pathways may underlie Zn/Cd hyperaccumulation in Brassicaceae
Measurement of the Branching Fraction for B- --> D0 K*-
We present a measurement of the branching fraction for the decay B- --> D0
K*- using a sample of approximately 86 million BBbar pairs collected by the
BaBar detector from e+e- collisions near the Y(4S) resonance. The D0 is
detected through its decays to K- pi+, K- pi+ pi0 and K- pi+ pi- pi+, and the
K*- through its decay to K0S pi-. We measure the branching fraction to be
B.F.(B- --> D0 K*-)= (6.3 +/- 0.7(stat.) +/- 0.5(syst.)) x 10^{-4}.Comment: 7 pages, 1 postscript figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid
Communications
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